Today, there are incandescent lamps in every home. The seemingly simple structure of a light bulb rarely arouses interest, but meanwhile, it was she who in the 20s of the last century became the starting point for a new round of scientific and technological progress.
Instructions
Step 1
The largest and most visible part of the lamp is the bulb, which is made of glass. The shapes of the flasks are different, but the principle of use is the same: inside the flask there is either a vacuum or an inert gas, in the center there is a thin spiral - an incandescent body. It is a refractory conductor, i.e. a substance that passes a current through itself well. Tungsten alloy is often used for them.
Step 2
The incandescent body is not only in the form of a spiral thread, but also in the form of a tape, to the ends of which electrodes are attached, going into the base.
Step 3
The base is a round vessel made of thin chrome-plated or galvanized steel, into which a flask is, as it were, inserted. To fix the lamp in the socket, a thread is usually made on the base, although there are lamps that are mounted inside the luminaire either by friction or by bayonet coupling - this is a method of connecting parts by rotating along an axis with lateral displacement of one part relative to the other.
Step 4
An insulator is fixed inside the base, in which the electrodes are fixed. Insulators for lamps are made of glass, and they are designed to prevent the connection of conductive elements. Therefore, always one of the electrodes goes to the side of the base, from the outside it seems to be a soldered point, and the second passes along the insulator down to the end of the lamp and rests on its bottom, where the contact is located.
Step 5
When electricity is connected, the current flows through this contact along the electrode to the incandescent body - a tungsten coil. In a fraction of a second, tungsten heats up to very high temperatures (about 2000 ° C), due to which the conductor begins to emit electric light.
