An alloy is a material containing metal and other substances. Often, another substance that makes up the alloy is also a metal. But many alloys contain non-metallic elements such as coal, silicon, sulfur, or boron. Alloys are used in various fields. There are many alloys that include lead and aluminum.
Alloys with aluminum
An alloy of copper and aluminum, as a rule, contains from two to ten percent copper, as well as some other elements. Copper greatly strengthens the alloy and facilitates premature solidification. The addition of copper to aluminum can also weaken ductility and corrosion resistance. It is one of the hardest alloys to weld. It is used in spaceships, military vehicles, and rocket stabilizers.
Manganese added to aluminum strengthens the alloy and improves solidification, while reducing ductility and corrosion resistance. This alloy has medium hardness and remains hard at high temperatures. The alloy is used for the manufacture of radiators, kitchen tools, air conditioners, heat exchangers and plumbing systems.
When silicon is added to aluminum, the metal melts more easily and becomes more fluidized. This alloy is not melted. But when magnesium is added, a fusible metal is obtained that is resistant to solidification. Silicon alloys are often used for the production of castings. Usually fillers for aluminum welding and brazing are made from such alloys.
An alloy of aluminum with magnesium and silicon gives a complex silicide (formula Mg2Si). Such alloys are easily punching and pressing. They are used to make handrails, bearing shafts for sound equipment, bicycle frames, scaffolding, brakes for trucks and motor ships.
In total, there are about 400 alloys with aluminum for forging and 200 alloys for casting.
Lead alloys
Lead has been known to man for a very long time. This metal has high ductility, fusibility, electrical conductivity, flexibility, hardness. It easily combines in alloys with other metals.
When antimony is added, antimony lead is obtained. Antimony is harder than lead, and therefore, in an alloy with it, lead becomes harder. Antimony lead is available in sheets, pressed and cast forms. Antimony lead is often replaced by an alloy of lead with calcium. Aluminum was also added to this alloy as a calcium stabilizer.
Bullet alloys include lead. In addition to lead, they also include tin (5-7%) and antimony (2%).
Lead is present in alloys with tin, from which jewelry for children, kitchen utensils, and dishes are made. The tin alloy also contains copper, antimony, bismuth and silver. Tin in lead increases the hardness of the alloy, and thanks to it, lead easily combines with steel and copper.
An alloy of lead with arsenic is often made.
