Cameras have become the most popular gadgets for capturing images or creating videos. A modern camera device can be quite miniature and fit in a mobile phone case, or it can reach large sizes and move only with the help of additional devices. However, all modern cameras have a similar structure and principle of operation.
Camera elements
The main elements of every digital camera are the matrix, lens, shutter, viewfinder, processor. Additional devices are also widely used (for example, memory cards and connectors for connecting audio or video equipment).
The matrix is the main active element of any photo or video equipment. Image quality depends on the characteristics of the matrix. The device itself is a small plate consisting of light-sensitive sensors grouped in a certain way. Most often, elements are arranged in separate lines and columns. In total, two types of matrices are popular today: CMOS and CCD. The first variety is significantly cheaper, but the second provides better image quality.
The lens of modern cameras is not much different from the lens of devices of the past and has a general principle of operation, but most often new products are smaller. Another important part of the system is the shutter, which performs the function of freezing a frame for recording it on a storage medium.
Modern cameras use an electronic shutter, but more expensive cameras also use a mechanical one.
The processor processes the result of the shutter, and also allows you to control the lens and other camera functions. In the presence of a screen, the processor is engaged in building and displaying an image. With the help of additional, the possibilities of processing frames, recording information and its display are realized.
The work of the components during the snapshot
Before the shutter is pressed, a special mirror is placed in a DSLR in a special way, through which light enters the viewfinder. In non-mirrored cameras, the light entering the lens is redirected to the matrix, and the screen displays the image that was created after processing the data received by the board.
Using the controls (buttons), the user selects the desired settings and configures the device. The photographer then has to press the button and lower it to the first position to activate the shutter. This will allow you to apply all the shooting parameters and make it possible to fully adjust the matrix to the conditions of the picture.
Modern devices record the image when the user takes the second picture, since the recording procedure can take quite a long time for the device.
After fully pressing the shutter button, the frame is locked. In this case, the created picture is transferred to the clipboard of the camera, through which the image is processed by the processor taking into account the settings made by the user. The received data is compressed into a graphic format and written to a flash card, from where it can be played, modified or deleted.
