The USB port is one of the most used in today's computer. It appeared in 1997. Two years later, its USB 2.0 update was released, the speed of which was 40 times higher than the previous one. Today computers with the new usb interface USB 3.0 are already being released, the speed of which is 10 times higher than that of USB 2.0. In this article, we will look at what is inside the micro-usb, mini-usb cable. That is, how organized wires are and what each of them is intended for. This pinout will be useful for both radio amateurs and users who want to make some kind of adapter. Or figure out everything and make yourself charge to your mobile phone.
Caution!
Incorrect connection can damage the device that you connect to the usb bus.
The USB 2.0 connector is a flat four-pin connector and is labeled AF (BF) for female and AM (BM) for male. Micro USB have the same markings, only with a micro prefix, and mini devices, respectively, have a mini prefix. The last two types differ from the 2.0 standard in that 5 pins are already used in these connectors. Finally, the very last type is USB 3.0. Outwardly, it is similar to type 2.0, but this connector uses as many as 9 pins.
The universal USB bus is one of the popular personal computer interfaces. It allows you to serially connect various devices (up to 127 units). Also, USB buses support the function of connecting and disconnecting devices when a personal computer is running. In this case, the devices can receive power directly through the mentioned element, which frees from the need to use additional power supplies. In this article, we'll take a look at what a standard USB pinout is. This information may come in handy when making any USB adapters or devices that receive power through the interface we are considering on your own. In addition, we will analyze what is the pinout of micro-USB and, of course, mini-USB. Description and pinout of the USB interface Almost every PC user knows what a USB connector looks like. It is a flat four-pin Type A interface. The USB female is AF and the male is AM. The USB Type A pinout consists of four pins. The first wire is marked in red and is supplied with a DC voltage of +5 V. It is allowed to supply a maximum current of 500 mA. The second contact - white - is intended for data transmission (D-). The third wire (green) is also used for data transmission (D +). The last contact is marked in black, zero supply voltage is applied to it (common wire).
How is the pinout done?
The pinout of the USB 2.0 connector looks like this: Red wire, to which, after connection, + 5V voltage starts to be supplied. White wire used to transmit data between devices. Green wire, which is also used to transmit various information. The fourth wire to which the supply voltage is zero. In professional circles, this wire is often called common. As mentioned above, in the case of micro and mini connectors, the situation is the same, however, they are a five-pin connector. Thus, they can be called almost identical to the 2.0 format, but here the fourth and fifth wires have been changed. The fourth lilac wire here represents the ID, while it should be said that it is not customary to use it in the B-connectors, but in the A-connectors it is closed to the common wire. The last black wire already represents zero supply voltage.
Description and pinout of the USB interface Almost every PC user knows what a USB connector looks like. It is a flat four-pin Type A interface. The USB female is AF and the male is AM. The USB Type A pinout consists of four pins. The first wire is marked in red and is supplied with a DC voltage of +5 V. It is allowed to supply a maximum current of 500 mA. The second contact - white - is intended for data transmission (D-). The third wire (green) is also used for data transmission (D +). The last contact is marked in black, zero supply voltage is applied to it (common wire).
Type A connectors are considered active, powering devices (computers, host, etc.) are connected to them. Type B connectors are considered passive and are used to connect devices such as printers, scanners, etc. Type B connectors are square with two beveled corners. “Mom” is labeled BF and “Dad” is BM. The USB type B pinout has the same four pins (two at the top and two at the bottom), the purpose is identical to type A.
Pinout of USB connectors
The pinout of the USB 2.0 connector looks like this:
- the first wire (red), DC supply voltage +5 V is supplied to it;
- the second contact (white), it is used to transmit information (D-);
- the third wire (green), it is also designed to transmit information (D +);
- the fourth contact (black), zero supply voltage is supplied to it, it is also called a common wire.
As mentioned above, the micro and mini types are a five-pin USB connector. The pinout of such a connector is identical to type 2.0, except for the fourth and fifth pins. The fourth pin (purple) is the ID. In type B connectors, it is not used, but in type A connectors it is shorted to a common wire. The last, fifth pin (black) is a zero supply voltage.
Pinout of USB 3.0 connectors
The first four pins completely match the 2.0 standard, so let's move on.
The fifth contact (blue) is used to transfer information with a minus sign USB3 (StdA_SSTX).
The sixth pin is similar to the fifth pin, but with a plus sign (yellow).
The seventh is additional grounding.
The eighth pin (purple) is for receiving USB3 data (StdA_SSRX) with a minus sign.
And finally, the last ninth (orange) is the same as the seventh pin, only with a plus sign.
Pinout of micro-USB connectors
Connectors of this type are most often used to connect tablets and smartphones. They are significantly smaller than a standard USB interface. Another feature is the presence of five contacts. The marking of such connectors is as follows: micro-AF (BF) - "mother" and micro-AM (VM) - "father". Micro USB pinout:
- the first contact (red) is designed to supply + 5 V supply voltage;
- the second and third wires (white and green) are used for data transmission;
- the fourth lilac contact (ID) in type B connectors is not used, but in type A connectors it closes to the common wire to support the OTG function;
- the last, fifth, contact (black) - zero supply voltage.
In addition to those listed, the cable may have one more wire used for "shielding"; no number is assigned to it.
Mini USB pinout
Mini USB connectors also contain five pins. These connectors are labeled as follows: mini-AF (BF) - "female" and mini-AM (BM) - "male". Pin assignment is identical to the micro-USB type.
How to unsolder the USB connector for charging?
Any charger that is built on USB uses only two wires: + 5V and a common contact. Therefore, if you need to solder a USB 2.0 or 3.0 type connector to "charging", then you should use the first and fourth contacts. If you use micro or mini types, in this case it is necessary to solder to the first and fifth conclusions. The most important thing when applying the supply voltage is to observe the polarity of the device.
Conclusion
The information on wiring for USB connectors is very relevant, since this type of interface is used in almost all mobile and desktop devices and gadgets. These connectors are used both for charging the built-in rechargeable batteries and for transferring data.
