A well-designed project of deep drainage on the site reduces the likelihood of destruction of beds and drowning of buildings.
The terms of reference are developed taking into account the expected load. Take into account the maximum level of groundwater, the maximum level of precipitation, geodetic features. Deep drainage is an integral system that solves the tasks assigned to it. The purpose of deep drainage is different. For example, it is installed in places with difficult hydrological conditions or where it is not possible to equip a surface water drainage system.
Excavation works
Due to the fact that the constituent elements are located underground, special equipment is indispensable. At the stage of project development, the optimal type of structure and depth of deposits are selected. It all depends on the conditions at a particular site, as well as on a number of other factors:
- the volume of discharged water;
- the degree of soil permeability;
- number and type of drained objects.
Taking into account the listed factors, one of two types of deep drainage system is chosen. In the first case, we are talking about a combined version, when it is combined with a surface water drainage system. In the second case, there is no such combination. The standard list of equipment for deep drainage includes pipes for external drainage, which can be found in more detail here - https://www.standartpark.ru/catalog/truby-naruzhnoy-kanalizatsii/ and trays. Situations are different, so the arrangement may be different. For example, the finished version is made in the form of a trench filled with filter material. Soil is laid on top of the trenches.
Plot size matters
The capacity of the system is designed taking into account the expected load. In addition to weather conditions, the area of the land plot is taken into account. For example, if the territory is large, then a high-quality technical plan is required. In the diagram, the location of the following elements is planned:
- drains;
- grooves;
- drainage wells;
- absorbing capacities.
At the stage of project preparation, the planned improvement of the site is taken into account.
Phased installation of pipes for external sewerage
The geodetic characteristics of the site are far from ideal, therefore, it is often necessary to equip an artificial slope, which ensures permanent drainage of water. In addition, it is worth considering installing a pump. Its use is necessary if the discharge point is located above the level of the drained area. For example, according to GOST, on clay soils, the indicator is 2 cm per 1 linear meter. The project provides for the installation of inspection chambers located near bends or at the point of connection with the main highway. Do not forget to take into account the optimal type of drainage pipe in the project:
- polymeric;
- asbestos-cement;
- ceramic;
- metal.
The least common is the asbestos-cement variant. In agriculture, ceramics are in demand. In private households, plastic is more common. The "pluses" of plastic pipes include low weight, durability and ease of installation.
